In Polish: Zadatek i zaliczka
This is the word you will see in bank documents.
Definition
A deposit (zadatek) is an amount paid on concluding an agreement which, under Article 394 of the Polish Civil Code, is forfeited if the party that paid it fails to perform, while the party that received it must pay back double if it fails to perform. An advance payment (zaliczka) is part of the price paid up front, which is returned if the sale does not happen. Both are credited towards the price when the sale agreement is signed.
What it means for you
When you pay a deposit, you risk losing it if the bank refuses the loan and the agreement does not provide for this situation. An advance payment protects you against losing money, but does not stop the seller choosing another buyer. A deposit paid from your own money usually counts towards your down payment at the bank.
Full entry in Polish, with a worked example and sources
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between zadatek and zaliczka?
A zadatek is forfeited if the agreement fails through the buyer's fault, and if the seller backs out the buyer may demand double. A zaliczka is always returned if the agreement is not concluded.
Is the deposit lost if the bank refuses the loan?
It depends on the agreement. With a clause on returning the deposit if the loan is refused, it comes back. Without one, the seller may keep it, and the matter is often disputed.
Does the deposit count towards the down payment?
Usually yes, if you paid it from your own money and can document it with a bank transfer.
Related terms
Definitions are simplified and reflect Polish law and bank practice as of October 2026. Where every word matters, the Act and your loan agreement decide. Figures in examples are indicative and are not a bank offer. The Polish version of each entry has worked examples and sources.
Other terms in “Application, decision and documents”