In Polish: Służebność
This is the word you will see in bank documents.
Definition
An easement (służebność) is a limited property right that allows another person to use someone else's property in a specific way, for example to drive across a plot, run a power line through it or live in a flat. The Civil Code distinguishes land easements, personal easements and transmission easements. An easement stays with the property after it is sold.
What it means for you
You buy a property together with its easements. A transmission or access easement usually does not prevent a mortgage, but a personal right to live in the flat or a life annuity (dożywocie) for another person is usually an obstacle for the bank. Check section III of the land register before paying a deposit.
Full entry in Polish, with a worked example and sources
Frequently asked questions
Does a transmission easement prevent a mortgage?
Usually not, especially for a flat in a block. For a plot, the bank and the valuer check whether the line restricts building, because that lowers the value.
Can I get a mortgage on a flat with a personal right of residence?
Rarely. Someone then has the right to live in the flat for life, so the bank usually requires the easement to be deleted before the deed.
Where can I check whether a property has an easement?
In section III of the land register, which you can view free of charge at ekw.ms.gov.pl. An easement can also arise by prescription and not be entered.
Related terms
Definitions are simplified and reflect Polish law and bank practice as of October 2026. Details
Where every word matters, the Act and your loan agreement decide. Figures in examples are indicative and are not a bank offer. The Polish version of each entry has worked examples and sources.
Other terms in “Property and security”